The Costs of Not Implementing EU Environmental Law

This report for DG Environment examines the cost to EU Member States of the non-implementation of EU environmental law.

The report, which was co-authored by our policy experts alongside consultancy COWI, estimates that the implementation gap between the level of implementation of environmental law in 2018 and current EU targets resulted in costs of €55 billion.

The report covers seven policy areas:

• Air;
• Nature and biodiversity;
• Water;
• Waste;
• Chemicals;
• Industrial emissions and major accident hazards; and,
• Horizontal instruments.