The ‘Targets Review Project’ was commissioned by DG Environment of the European Commission. The project reviewed issues with, and possible changes to, the key targets in the Waste Framework Directive, the Landfill Directive and the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive.

This project was delivered by Eunomia Research & Consulting (Eunomia) with support from Öko-Institut, the Copenhagen Resource Institute (CRI), ARGUS, and Satsuma Media.

The basis for the review of the targets was twofold: it was triggered by the review clauses set out in the Directives; and aimed to bring the targets into line with the Commission’s ambitions for promoting resource efficiency, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with waste management.

The study found that the greatest net benefit (NPV of -€28.97 billion in 2013 real term prices) was delivered when an option for a 70% recycling/preparation for reuse target for municipal solid waste was combined with increased targets for the recycling of packaging waste and measures to limit landfilling at Category B landfills to 5% by 2030.

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