Eunomia Research & Consulting and Mepex Consult AS were commissioned by the Nordic Working Group for Circular Economy to carry out a study on production and recycling of batteries used in electrical vehicles (EVs) with a focus on the Nordic region. The study sought to contribute to building knowledge around [...]
The decarbonisation of heat is a complex challenge that will require robust evidence on costs and practicalities. Eunomia is pleased to support governments and businesses with vital research and advisory services to enable the transition to a net zero society. In 2021-2022, Eunomia undertook research for the Department for Energy [...]
Eunomia was commissioned by DEFRA to investigate the impacts of single-use barbecues, sky lanterns, and helium balloons on the environment and to suggest options for mitigating any significant risks or impacts. The first stage of the study included desk-based research and stakeholder engagement to gather evidence of impacts, measures and [...]
The updated “50 States of Recycling” report that Ball Corporation and Eunomia Research & Consulting has been released. It ranks U.S. states by recycling rates while also examining the benefits of policies that have proven successful at the state level, such as Recycling Refunds, and Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). This [...]
In this report, we explore the current state of PET-based bottle recycling in Europe, as well as its potential for improvement, alongside analysis of common claims made to consumers on bottle labels relating to recycling. We argue that such claims can give an impression of ‘plastic bottle circularity’ that does [...]
This study involved modelling to measure the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from reusable takeaway packaging compared to single-use equivalents. The results indicate that, for most types of takeaway packaging used in Europe, reuse through a safe, efficient system for collection, washing, inspection, and redistribution has potential to yield greater environmental [...]
The objective of this discussion paper is to draw attention to some of the challenges associated with Life Cycle Assessments (LCAs) that compare reusable packaging with single-use options, specifically focusing on the demanding take-away sector, which presents unique complexities for implementing reuse practices. By comparing two recent studies commissioned by [...]
Currently, there are no common recyclate specifications or consensuses in the European market to align the secondary plastics industry. While several scientific and EU publications have emphasized the need for high quality recyclate, and standards such as the EN standards currently exist, the definition of quality remains unclear, and a [...]
EU circular economy policies are designed to accelerate progress towards sustainable resource use and circular economic practices globally. It is crucial that any risks that the policies will deliver adverse impacts abroad are identified so they can be mitigated, and potential fears can be addressed appropriately. Additionally, assessing potential opportunities [...]
In 2019, CO2 equivalent emissions from domestic road transport accounted for 27% of the UK’s total emissions. Of this, over one quarter was attributed to road freight. Whilst some of the negative externalities associated with road freight (i.e., exhaust emissions) can be addressed through electrification, others (e.g., non-tailpipe emissions) require [...]
